Detection system ensures positive alarm activation in digital message loss

Lost Word Detection System /LOWDS/ provides special identification for each error detection message transmitted from receiver to transmitter. The message is identified as an original message or an n-times retransmitted message so the receiver can detect where a retransmission request was not fulfilled and activate an alarm

Comparative Physiology of Birds

The structure and physiology of birds differs in many respects from that of mammals

The Making of Just Like Wild Pete

In this thesis paper, I will document and analyze the process of making my graduate thesis film, Just Like Wild Pete. I will start by stating my overall thesis statement, then move into each specific area of the filmmaking process. I will translate my learning at the University of New Orleans Film and Theatre program into real life situations with this film, as well as detail my successes and struggles throughout the process. I will analyze my own work, and constantly look to how I can improve in the future. In the end, I will determine if my thesis proves true, and if I was successful in the individual aspects of filmmaking, as well as the thesis film as a whole

The Making of Just Like Wild Pete

In this thesis paper, I will document and analyze the process of making my graduate thesis film, Just Like Wild Pete. I will start by stating my overall thesis statement, then move into each specific area of the filmmaking process. I will translate my learning at the University of New Orleans Film and Theatre program into real life situations with this film, as well as detail my successes and struggles throughout the process. I will analyze my own work, and constantly look to how I can improve in the future. In the end, I will determine if my thesis proves true, and if I was successful in the individual aspects of filmmaking, as well as the thesis film as a whole

Fire-severity effects on plant-fungal interactions: implications for Alaskan treeline dynamics in a warming climate

Thesis (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2014Understanding the complex mechanisms controlling treeline advance or retreat in the Arctic and Subarctic has important implications for projecting ecosystem response to climate change. Changes in landcover due to a treeline biome shift could alter climate feedbacks and ecosystem services such as wildlife and berry habitat. Major sources of uncertainty in predicting treeline advance or retreat are the controls over seedling establishment at treeline and in tundra. One often-overlooked yet physiologically important factor to seedling establishment is the symbiosis with ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), the obligate mycobionts of all boreal tree species. EMF provide soil nutrients and water to seedlings and protect against pathogens, enhancing their growth and reducing drought stress. The availability of these critical mycobionts may be limited across the forest-tundra ecotone and by disturbance events such as wildfire. Wildfires are the primary large-scale disturbance in Alaskan boreal forests and are increasingly prevalent in tundra and at treeline. Fire is the major driver of boreal tree seedling recruitment; however, fire also alters the community structure and reduces biomass of EMF, especially after high-severity fires. To investigate the potentially critical role of EMF in seedling establishment at and beyond current treeline in Alaska, I conducted two observational studies and one experimental study that address how fire-severity influences EMF community structure and plant-fungal interactions. These studies indicated that shrubs that survived and resprouted after fires at treeline and in tundra were a source of resilience for EMF diversity and function. Shrubs maintained latesuccessional stage EMF taxa, and the EMF taxa associated with shrubs at treeline were compatible with tree seedlings that naturally established after fire. Many of the EMF taxa that were shared by seedlings and shrubs were present across the low Arctic, suggesting that EMF compatible with boreal tree species are not limited within the predicted geographic range of treeline expansion. Additionally, I found that seedling growth was correlated with post-fire fungal inoculum. Seedling growth was promoted by EMF inoculum provided by resprouting shrubs after fire. However, when fungal inoculum lacked EMF in post-fire tundra soils, seedling biomass was related to the negative effect of soil pathogens and the positive influence of dark septate endophytes. Together these results illustrate the important role of resprouting tundra shrubs as fungal nurse plants for establishment of boreal tree species at and potentially beyond current treeline, and that biotic factors such as EMF-tree interactions are important to seedling performance. My results suggest that the inclusion of biotic effects, like plant-fungal interactions, in simulation models of treeline dynamics will improve the accuracy of predictions of forestation and associated landscape flammability with future warming in Alaska.Chapter 1: General introduction -- Chapter 2: Resilience of Arctic mycorrhizal fungal communities after wildfire facilitated by resprouting shrubs -- Chapter 3: Plant-fungal interactions after a novel disturbance in the Arctic: implications for shrub and tree migration -- Chapter 4: Shrub-ectomycorrhizal-seedling interactions facilitate tree establishment after wildfire at the Alaskan boreal treeline -- Chapter 5: General conclusions

Late development between the ages of 11 and 14

The thesis is concerned with pupils who on the evidence available at 11+ are rightly refused entry to a grammar school, but subsequently prove capable of profiting academically from education in such a school. Some recent researches are examined, and it is concluded that claims for highly successful prognosis at 11+ are not fully borne out by the evidence presented. An investigation in a boys' grammar school is reported. Over three years, this school admitted 10% of the age group at; 11 + , and a further 4% from the 12+ - 14+ age groups. Selection at 11+ was made on the basis of three equally weighted Moray House tests, but were not used for final selection. The failure rate for 11+ entrants, judged by third form results, is 25%, the same as for the late entrants. Among the latter were 32 who fell below the lower limit of a borderzone designed to include 95% of those whose true totals in the selection examination might have been equal to the pass mark. The failure rate for these sub-border-zone late entrants is also 25%, and some are judged to be potential university entrants. The successful sub-borderzone late entrants are numerically equal to 12% of the 11+ intake. Some of the most successful would still not have been admitted at 11+ even if the primary school assessments had been used in the selection procedure. This, with the average (uncorrected) 11+ - 14+ correlation for normal entrants of 0.355, emphasises the need for transfer facilities from secondary modern schools in the area. It is suggested that in the area concerned a verbal weakness, later remedied, is a common cause of the failure at 11+ of pupils who subsequently succeed in the grammar school

Induction of Ecstatic Lucid Dreams

In recent years there has been a growing interest in lucid dreams of a "transcendent" or "mystical" nature, with corresponding efforts to develop language for their description (LaBerge, 1985; Tart, 1984). Without attempting to solve the terminology problem, as my main focus is on experience, I would like describe some of my lucid dreams, which I will simply refer to as "ecstatic" -in the sense of joyous intensification of consciousness, their main feature -and discuss elements which I have found relevant to their induction